27-二十七、Docker 安装 Redis

Redis 是当下最流行的 NoSQL key-value 缓存数据库之一，Docker 安装 Redis 的方式有两种

如果你是 Docker 初学者，如果你以后长期使用 Redis ，我们建议你两种方法都试一试，为什么呢？

原因很简单，第一种方法，简单快捷，第二种方法，就是尝试自己编译安装

1. docker pull redis

如果想以最简单的方式安装 Redis, 可以直接使用 docker pull redis 命令

流程如下

1、 查找 Docker Hub 上的 redis 镜像

    [root@localhost ~]# docker search redis
    NAME    ...    OFFICIAL  ...
    redis   ...    [OK]      ...

列表很多，我们推荐你使用 OFFICIAL = OK 的那条
2、 拉取官方最新的 Redis 镜像

    [root@localhost ~]# docker pull redis
    Using default tag: latest
    ...

3、 稍等片刻，下载完成后就可以在本地镜像列表里看到 redis 的镜像了

    [root@localhost apache]# docker images redis
    REPOSITORY  TAG     IMAGE ID      CREATED      SIZE
    redis       latest  bfcb1f6df2db  3 weeks ago  106.7 MB

2. 通过 Dockerfile 文件构建

这种方式复杂一些，但因为是编写脚本，所以我们知道如何去编译安装 Redis

1、 创建目录 redis ,用于存放后面的相关东西

    [root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p ~/redis/data

2、 进入创建的 redis 目录，创建文件 docker-entrypoint.sh

    [root@localhost ~]# cd redis
    [root@localhost redis] touch docker-entrypoint.sh
    [root@localhost redis] chmod +x docker-entrypoint.sh
    [root@localhost redis] vi docker-entrypoint.sh

复制粘贴以下内容：

    # !/bin/sh
    # 注意上一行去掉 # ! 之间的空格
    set -e

    # first arg is `-f` or `--some-option`
    # or first arg is `something.conf`
    if [ "${1#-}" != "$1" ] || [ "${1%.conf}" != "$1" ]; then
        set -- redis-server "$@"
    fi

    # allow the container to be started with `--user`
    if [ "$1" = 'redis-server' -a "$(id -u)" = '0' ]; then
        chown -R redis .
        exec gosu redis "$0" "$@"
    fi

    exec "$@"

3、 创建文件 Dockerfile

    [root@localhost redis] vi Dockerfile

然后复制粘贴以下内容

    FROM debian:jessie-slim

    # 添加组和用户
    RUN groupadd -r redis && useradd -r -g redis redis

    # grab gosu for easy step-down from root
    # https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases
    ENV GOSU_VERSION 1.10
    RUN set -ex; \
        \
        fetchDeps='ca-certificates wget'; \
        apt-get update; \
        apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends $fetchDeps; \
        rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \
        \
        dpkgArch="$(dpkg --print-architecture | awk -F- '{ print $NF }')"; \
        wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$dpkgArch"; \
        wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$dpkgArch.asc"; \
        export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)"; \
        gpg --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys B42F6819007F00F88E364FD4036A9C25BF357DD4; \
        gpg --batch --verify /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc /usr/local/bin/gosu; \
        rm -r "$GNUPGHOME" /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc; \
        chmod +x /usr/local/bin/gosu; \
        gosu nobody true; \
        \
        apt-get purge -y --auto-remove $fetchDeps

    ENV REDIS_VERSION 3.2.11
    ENV REDIS_DOWNLOAD_URL http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.2.11.tar.gz
    ENV REDIS_DOWNLOAD_SHA 31ae927cab09f90c9ca5954aab7aeecc3bb4da6087d3d12ba0a929ceb54081b5

    # for redis-sentinel see: http://redis.io/topics/sentinel
    RUN set -ex; \
        \
        buildDeps=' \
            wget \
            \
            gcc \
            libc6-dev \
            make \
        '; \
        apt-get update; \
        apt-get install -y $buildDeps --no-install-recommends; \
        rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \
        \
        wget -O redis.tar.gz "$REDIS_DOWNLOAD_URL"; \
        echo "$REDIS_DOWNLOAD_SHA *redis.tar.gz" | sha256sum -c -; \
        mkdir -p /usr/src/redis; \
        tar -xzf redis.tar.gz -C /usr/src/redis --strip-components=1; \
        rm redis.tar.gz; \
        \
    # disable Redis protected mode [1] as it is unnecessary in context of Docker
    # (ports are not automatically exposed when running inside Docker, but rather explicitly by specifying -p / -P)
    # [1]: https://github.com/antirez/redis/commit/edd4d555df57dc84265fdfb4ef59a4678832f6da
        grep -q '^#define CONFIG_DEFAULT_PROTECTED_MODE 1$' /usr/src/redis/src/server.h; \
        sed -ri 's!^(#define CONFIG_DEFAULT_PROTECTED_MODE) 1$!\1 0!' /usr/src/redis/src/server.h; \
        grep -q '^#define CONFIG_DEFAULT_PROTECTED_MODE 0$' /usr/src/redis/src/server.h; \
    # for future reference, we modify this directly in the source instead of just supplying a default configuration flag because apparently "if you specify any argument to redis-server, [it assumes] you are going to specify everything"
    # see also https://github.com/docker-library/redis/issues/4#issuecomment-50780840
    # (more exactly, this makes sure the default behavior of "save on SIGTERM" stays functional by default)
        \
        make -C /usr/src/redis -j "$(nproc)"; \
        make -C /usr/src/redis install; \
        \
        rm -r /usr/src/redis; \
        \
        apt-get purge -y --auto-remove $buildDeps

    RUN mkdir /data && chown redis:redis /data
    VOLUME /data
    WORKDIR /data

    COPY docker-entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/
    ENTRYPOINT ["docker-entrypoint.sh"]

    EXPOSE 6379
    CMD ["redis-server"]

4、 使用 docker build 命令通过 Dockerfile 创建一个镜像 ms-redis:3.2.11

    [root@localhost redis]# docker build  -t ms-redis:3.2.11 .
    Sending build context to Docker daemon 5.632 kB
    ....

5、 创建完成后，就可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像

    [root@localhost redis]# docker images ms-redis
    REPOSITORY   TAG     IMAGE ID     CREATED       SIZE
    ms-redis     3.2.11  4b37d6f6199e 11 days ago   98.94 MB

运行容器

可以使用 docker run -dit 命令来运行我们刚刚创建的 ms-redis 镜像

[root@localhost redis]# docker run -p 6379:6379 -v $PWD/data:/data  -d ms-redis:3.2.11 redis-server --appendonly yes
c929419b17cfc433265fcd13fd2e6a56f94521082f5b5641983aad41cdb0f212

命令说明

1、 -p 6379:6379

将容器的 6379 端口映射到主机的 6379 端口
2、 -v $PWD/data:/data

将主机中当前目录下的 data 挂载到容器的 /data
3、 redis-server --appendonly yes

在容器执行 redis-server 启动命令，并打开 redis 持久化配置

查看容器启动情况

使用 docker ps -a 看一下刚刚的 ms-redis 启动情况

[root@localhost redis]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID  IMAGE             COMMAND      CREATED   STATUS  PORTS    NAMES
c929419b17cf  ms-redis:3.2.11  "docker-entrypoint.sh"   11 days ago         Up 54 seconds       0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp   ecstatic_keller

查看容器的 IP

可以使用命令 docker inspect 查看容器的 IP

docker inspect --format '{{ .NetworkSettings.IPAddress }}' <container_id>

例如可以使用下面的命令查看刚刚创建的容器的 IP

[root@localhost mongo]# docker inspect --format '{{ .NetworkSettings.IPAddress }}' c929419b17cf
、17.0.2

连接、查看 Redis 容器

可以使用 redis 镜像执行 redis-cli 命令连接到刚启动的容器,主机 IP 为 172.17.0.2

[root@localhost mongo]# docker run -it ms-redis:3.2.11 redis-cli -h 172.17.0.2
、17.0.2:6379> info
# Server
redis_version:3.2.11
redis_git_sha1:00000000
redis_git_dirty:0
redis_build_id:9f71ab69a5226d40
redis_mode:standalone
os:Linux 4.4.27-moby x86_64
arch_bits:64
multiplexing_api:epoll
gcc_version:4.9.2
process_id:1
run_id:757444b615f3e9152e42da031b038547b0e38853
tcp_port:6379
uptime_in_seconds:389
uptime_in_days:0
hz:10
lru_clock:16706141
executable:/data/redis-server
config_file:
# Clients
connected_clients:1
client_longest_output_list:0
client_biggest_input_buf:0
blocked_clients:0
# Memory
used_memory:822408
used_memory_human:803.13K
used_memory_rss:4034560
used_memory_rss_human:3.85M
used_memory_peak:822408
used_memory_peak_human:803.13K
total_system_memory:2094944256
total_system_memory_human:1.95G
used_memory_lua:37888
used_memory_lua_human:37.00K
maxmemory:0
maxmemory_human:0B
maxmemory_policy:noeviction
mem_fragmentation_ratio:4.91
mem_allocator:jemalloc-4.0.3
# Persistence
loading:0
rdb_changes_since_last_save:0
rdb_bgsave_in_progress:0
rdb_last_save_time:1526655192
rdb_last_bgsave_status:ok
rdb_last_bgsave_time_sec:-1
rdb_current_bgsave_time_sec:-1
aof_enabled:1
aof_rewrite_in_progress:0
aof_rewrite_scheduled:0
aof_last_rewrite_time_sec:-1
aof_current_rewrite_time_sec:-1
aof_last_bgrewrite_status:ok
aof_last_write_status:ok
aof_current_size:0
aof_base_size:0
aof_pending_rewrite:0
aof_buffer_length:0
aof_rewrite_buffer_length:0
aof_pending_bio_fsync:0
aof_delayed_fsync:0
# Stats
total_connections_received:1
total_commands_processed:1
instantaneous_ops_per_sec:0
total_net_input_bytes:31
total_net_output_bytes:9928
instantaneous_input_kbps:0.00
instantaneous_output_kbps:0.00
rejected_connections:0
sync_full:0
sync_partial_ok:0
sync_partial_err:0
expired_keys:0
evicted_keys:0
keyspace_hits:0
keyspace_misses:0
pubsub_channels:0
pubsub_patterns:0
latest_fork_usec:0
migrate_cached_sockets:0
# Replication
role:master
connected_slaves:0
master_repl_offset:0
repl_backlog_active:0
repl_backlog_size:1048576
repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0
repl_backlog_histlen:0
# CPU
used_cpu_sys:0.77
used_cpu_user:1.21
used_cpu_sys_children:0.00
used_cpu_user_children:0.00
# Cluster
cluster_enabled:0
# Keyspace
、17.0.2:6379>